The nonradiative changeover charges follow the method WNR = W (0) exp(-alphap), where p is the quantity of phonons matching the energy gap. The nonradiative changeover prices of Er3+ show temperature dependence consistent with the multiphonon rest principle. In Tm3+ the temperature dependence of nonradiative peace charges is complicated through https://anthonyn148xbc4.techionblog.com/profile